Screw Osteointegration—Increasing Biomechanical Resistance to Pull-Out Effect

Spinal disorders cover a broad spectrum of pathologies and are among the most prevalent medical conditions. The management these health issues was noted to be increasingly based on surgical interventions. fixation devices often employed improve surgery outcomes, increasing spinal stability, restoring structural integrity, ensuring functionality. However, currently used tools fabricated from materials with very different mechanical properties native bone that prone pull-out effects or fail over time, requiring revision procedures. Solutions problems presently exploited in practice include optimal selection screw shape size, modification insertion trajectory, utilization cement reinforce constructs. Nevertheless, none methods without risks limitations. An alternative option biomechanical resistance effect is tackle regenerative capacity focus osteointegration properties. Osteointegration reportedly enhanced through various optimization strategies, including use novel materials, surface techniques (e.g., application coatings topological optimization), composites allow synergistic between constituents. In this context, paper takes comprehensive path, starting brief presentation devices, moving further observations how strength can existing methods, focusing for implant improvement.